Namulondo Kekurina’s maize is thriving. She’s harvesting for a second time this season and has already brought in more than her family can consume, including the seven grandchildren she cares for. To preserve her maize, she dries it the traditional way by spreading it on the ground for four or five days.
But drying maize on the ground can have serious health consequences.
Mrs. Namulondo didn’t know that it can produce aflatoxins, substances that are produced by fungi and associated with an increased risk of liver cancer. Aflatoxin-producing fungi most often contaminate crops at harvest time and during storage.
What Mrs. Namulondo does know is that she can’t afford a tarpaulin—a heavy, waterproof cloth that keeps drying maize off the ground. The tarps cost 30,000 Ugandan shillings ($8 US) and she’d need about 10 of them to dry all her maize.
Archileo Kaaya is a professor at Makerere University’s Food Technology, Nutrition, and Bio-engineering Department who has researched aflatoxins for more than 20 years. He says that about 40% of the maize grown in Uganda contains aflatoxins at levels that exceed East African Community standards. He explains, “It’s while on the ground that maize is contaminated by microorganisms [such as] bacteria, fungus, and worms, which poison it.”
Maize is Uganda’s third-largest agricultural product, after plantains and cassava. It’s also a major export. But now, high levels of aflatoxins are jeopardizing that. Last October, Kenya rejected 600,000 tonnes of maize from Uganda, worth about 180 billion Ugandan shillings ($48.5 million), because it was contaminated by aflatoxins at 40 parts per billion, according to the East African Grain Council. The maximum acceptable level is 10 parts per billion.
Pausta Clessy Nuwagaba is the programs officer for structured trading systems at the East African Grain Council. He says, “We understand that many of the farmers are not aware of aflatoxin.… However, campaigns encouraging them to adopt new ways of drying maize have been ongoing for years.”
While training small-scale farmers could reduce the problem, the larger issue, he says, is the country’s grain market. Mr. Nuwagaba says that maize of all different levels of quality and from all types of farms come together in the grain markets.
But a new grain bill is in the works, says Joshua Mutambi, the commissioner of processing and marketing at the Ministry of Trade and Commerce. The new bill would, among other things, enforce regulation of the grain industry.
He says, “The aim is to add value to our grain to [meet] standards that make it safe for human consumption and trade.”
But regulating grain markets won’t address the fact that many of Uganda’s maize producers can’t afford the equipment necessary to prevent aflatoxin contamination.
Mugabi Sulayimani always dries his maize on the ground. A tarpaulin is a luxury he can’t afford. He harvests about 1,000 kilograms of maize per season. For each kilogram, he gets between 300-700 shillings ($0.08 to $0.19 US).
He says, “That is so little cash to pay for my children’s tuition, cater for their being, and also save for a tarpaulin.”
Mrs. Namulondo agrees, saying, “I grow maize on a small scale, harvesting about 1,000 to 1,200 kilograms a season.… We eat and also sell off the surplus, but we don’t earn much from it.”
Source: www.wire.farmradio.fm
This story was adapted from an article written by Nakisanze Segawa for Global Press Journal. The story was originally titled, ”Drying maize on the ground increases health risks and decreases exports in Uganda.” To read the full story, go to: https://globalpressjournal.com/africa/uganda/drying-maize-ground-increases-health-risks-decreases-exports-uganda/
Photo credit: Nakisanze Segawa, GPJ Uganda
I just like the valuable info you supply to your articles.
I will bookmark your blog and check again right here regularly.
I am moderately certain I’ll be informed lots of new stuff right here!
Best of luck for the following!
how much does viagra cost viagra without a doctor prescription where can i buy viagra over the counter
cialis 20 mg best price generic cialis side effects for cialis
viagra for sale cheap viagra generic viagra amazon
ed meds online canada ed pills cheap prescription drugs online without
amazon viagra canadian pharmacy viagra viagra 100mg price
viagra no prescription canadian pharmacy viagra viagra coupon
discount viagra buy ed pills online viagra doses 200 mg
buy generic viagra online buy viagra from canada viagra online
viagra walgreens cheap viagra cheap viagra
pharmacy drugs generic cialis natural herbs for ed
real cialis without a doctor’s prescription Cheap Erection Pills medication for ed dysfunction
ed cures that actually work Cheap Erection Pills dysfunction erectile
medicine for ed generic cialis erection pills
how much does cialis cost at walmart generic cialis for sale generic names for cialis and viagra
erectile dysfunction treatment ed medications online mexican pharmacy without prescription
natural ed
errection problem cure prescription drugs psychological ed treatment
erectile dysfunction natural remedies
online canadian drugstore drug prices comparison erectal disfunction
generic ed drugs
psychological ed treatment prescription drugs erectile dysfunction treatments
legal to buy prescription drugs from canada
https://valtrexgeneric500.com/ valtrex price uk
https://ventolin100mcg.com/ ventolin 2
https://zantacgeneric150.com/ zantac
soma erectile dysfunction
erectile medicine
does erectile dysfunction destroy marriages
https://prednisonegeneric20.com/ prednisone 20mg online pharmacy
https://zithromaxgeneric500.com/ how to get zithromax
payday loans no credit check payday loans no credit check
does more bimatoprost work better https://carepro1st.com/
buy generic drugs from india online pharmacy
buy generic drugs online from india online pharmacy
naltrexone for impulsive behavior https://naltrexoneonline.confrancisyalgomas.com/
buy tadalafil online tadalafil canada
active ingredients in dapoxetine https://salemeds24.wixsite.com/dapoxetine
hydroxychloroquine trials update https://hydroxychloroquine.webbfenix.com/
generic tadalafil tadalafil pharmacy
ivermectin walgreens https://ivermectin.mlsmalta.com/
generic name for viagra generic viagra viagra for sale
safe vidalista online https://vidalista40mg.mlsmalta.com/
ambien without a doctor’s prescription india pharmacy erectile dysfunction pills
canadian viagra cialis cialis online coupon for cialis by manufacturer
new erectile dysfunction treatment trusted india online pharmacies ed devices
ed in men Amoxil online natural ed medications
cialis 20 image generic cialis side effects of cialis
male enhancement products online canadian pharmacy best natural cure for ed
generic viagra without a doctor prescription viagra for sale buy viagra online
what causes ed best online canadian pharmacy online drugstore
cialis online cialis generic lowest price cialis
buy cheap prescription drugs online generic drugs comfortis for dogs without vet prescription
which ed drug is best Amoxil viagra without a doctor prescription
liquid cialis is generic cialis safe cialis patent expiration
treating ed Zithromax india erection pills that work
ed meds online canada drug pharmacy best male enhancement pills
cost of tadalafil 5mg https://wisig.org/
online medications: buy prescription drugs without doctor best ed treatment
male ed pills: viagra vs cialis bodybuilding ed cures that work
albuterol is a generic name for https://amstyles.com/
peptides dapoxetine reviews https://ddapoxetine.com/
viagra cheap generic viagra cvs viagra
mens ed pills canadian pharmacies shipping to usa errectile dysfunction
mens ed pills how to buy cialis from canada ed meds pills drugs
zithromax over the counter uk buy zithromax canada zithromax
average price cialis the cost of cialis cialis vs levitra
generic cialis at walmart cialis online pharmacy cialis reps
cialis for peyronie cialis vs viagra does cialis lower blood pressure
viagra cost per pill buy viagra online generic viagra india
can you buy viagra over the counter
buy generic 100mg viagra online buy generic viagra how much viagra should i take the first time?
how much is viagra
generic plaquenil https://hydroxychloroquine.grassfed.us/
buy viagra online cheap viagra generic for sale walmart viagra
buy viagra
cialis generic cialis tadalafil https://tadalafil.cleckleyfloors.com/
hydroxychloroquine clinical studies https://sale.azhydroxychloroquine.com/
medication online best rated canadian pharmacies pharmacies not requiring a prescription
buy Cenmox Doxycycline new treatments for ed
levitra without a doctor prescription over the counter erectile dysfunction pills ed drugs generic
online ed meds reputable mail order pharmacies canada reputable mail order pharmacies canada
buy online drugs safe online pharmacies in canada canadian prescription drugs by mail
best ed pills online generic Zovirax buy Valtrex
buy Flagyl cheap Doxycycline ed clinics
cialis prices 20mg tadalafil cialis side effects
30ml liquid cialis generic cialis tadalafil cialis free trial
generic viagra india canadian pharmacy generic viagra viagra online
buy viagra online usa buy viagra online viagra prescription
natural ed lipitor generic india where to buy lipitor
ed meds pills drugs canada drugs canada online pharmacy
viagra professional cheapest viagra online viagra doses 200 mg
buy generic viagra https://cheapvgr100.com/ ijgyiuzy
usozotvz buy viagra online viagra professional
gynlbcmb buy cheap viagra cheap viagra 100mg
alesse 28 buy online order yasmin online usa yasmin canada price
7253 allegra 6 benadryl zyrtec cost
yasmin without prescription yasmin australia pill shatavari medicine
can you buy valtrex online where to buy valtrex 1g cost of valtrex generic
yasmin australia price yasmin 28 birth control best shatavari brand
acyclovir adult dose https://www.herpessymptomsinmen.org/productacyclovir/
generic yasmin pill shatavari capsules price yasmin australia pill
valtrex price australia valtrex 500 buy valtrex without get a prescription online
qkgzegpn cialis generic availability http://cialisirt.com/ high blood pressure and cialis
kifbrngj viagra online usa http://viagrastm.online/ viagra prescription
aiwimbsg cialis going generic in 2019 in us http://cialisirt.online/ cialis dosage 40 mg dangerous
vdrrdbbj coffee with cialis http://cialisirt.com/ cialis 200mg
bfwdlquy cialis samples request http://cialisirt.com/ walgreens price for cialis 20mg
goodrx cenforce coupon http://cavalrymenforromney.com/
ed meds online without prescription or membership https://canadianpharmacyvikky.com homeopathic remedies for ed
drugs causing ed https://canadianpharmacyvikky.com men ed
natural ed cures
https://canadarx24.com/
pain medications without a prescription
men with ed
https://canadarx24.com/
cheap erectile dysfunction
cialis vs viagra buy cheap cialis dkwnnxgn generic cialis tadalafil
soma therapy ed hzawmaia cheap levitra what are ed drugs
soma therapy ed acudsojt buy levitra generic cheap medication
ed drugs over the counter wnxkwyft cheap levitra the best ed pills
order viagra online gmsnimfm viagra buy viagra online canada
male erection empjkptt buy levitra online ed pills comparison
best over the counter ed pills etfopixw levitra for sale ed medications
spxn best over the counter viagra http://dietkannur.org dlqv pkwn
bqde cost of viagra http://dietkannur.org aicv qozi
cialis 5mg coupon aqypdplz http://tadedmedz.com/ real cialis online with paypal
cialis side effects bbrvslil http://tadedmedz.com/ where to bay cialis (tadalafil) pills 80mg
viagra without doctor script buy generic viagra
generic viagra without a doctor prescription meds online without doctor prescription
hydroxychloroquine sulfate for sale https://hydroxychloroquine4u.com/
erection pills http://viaaagra.com/
http://sildenafilfast100.com sildenafil price
http://sildenafilfast100.com sildenafil 25 mg tablet price
http://tadalafilfast20.com cheapest sildenafil 100 mg uk
http://tadalafilfast20.com tadalafil cheapest price
http://tadalafilfast20.com order sildenafil canada
http://tadalafilfast20.com cheap tadalafil tablets
http://tadalafilfast20.com buy sildenafil with visa
http://levitrafast20.com buy levitra online
cheap generic viagra generic sildenafil
cheap sildenafil where to get viagra
the effects of cialis on women http://generictadalafil20.com order cialis
generic cialis no doctor’s prescription http://generictadalafil20.com order cialis
cure ed medication for ed dysfunction
cheap ed drugs
buy ed pills online ed pills otc
ed treatment drugs
medication for ed new ed pills
best ed pills at gnc
gnc ed pills best non prescription ed pills
erectile dysfunction pills
online ed medications best ed drugs
top ed drugs
pills for ed best erectile dysfunction pills
erectile dysfunction medications
new treatments for ed best treatment for ed
natural ed medications
order cialis https://cialis.bee-rich.com/
viagra over the counter usa 2020 discount viagra
buying viagra online
generic viagra online best place to buy viagra online
viagra cost
order cephalexin online order omnicef online
buy chloramphenicol online
buy suprax generic buy minocycline generic
buy suprax generic
flagyl online bactrim for sale
order keflex
keftab capsules tinidazole online
order minomycin online
where to get chloroquine https://chloroquineorigin.com/ how does chloroquine work
generic cephalexin cefixime capsules
zithromax online
order ciplox order doxycycline online
sumycin for sale
Experience is the best teacher.
cialis discount card cialis samples request
cialis coupons 2019
cialis cost cialis 20 image
lowest cialis prices
cialis http://cialis.anafassia.com/
switching from tamsulosin to cialis $200 cialis coupon
cialis dosage
coffee with cialis side effects of cialis
5 mg cialis coupon printable
what are the side effects of cialis cialis lowest price 20mg
generic cialis coming out
cialis online pharmacy is cialis generic available
generic cialis
daily use cialis cost cialis lowest price
coffee with cialis
cialis generic cialis lowest price
canadien cialis
cialis reps cialis 20mg price
cialis free trial
cialis tadalafil 20 mg cost of cialis 20mg tablets
cialis 20 image
how long does it take cialis to take effect cialis ingredient
legitimate cialis by mail
free cialis medication for providers $200 cialis coupon
п»їcialis
tadalafil online tadalafil generic
tadalafil dosage
faultless article, i love it
appropriate article, i like it
sildenafil without doctor prescription: https://genericwdp.com/ cheap generic drugs from india
sildenafil without doctor prescription purchase tadalafil
generic drugs without doctor’s prescription buy medication without an rx
cialis 20 mg online
potenzmittel vidalista
awesome post, i like it
super content
Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
optimal article, i love it